Hair net



A, E. HUNTEIR 2,345,396 y HAIR NET Filed April 2o, 194s 3 sheets-sheet 2l Inventor jllertEJun ter;

I ltorne Mardi' 2s,- 1944.

A. E. HUNTER lHAIR NET Filed April 2o,v 1943 s sheets-sheet s FIGS.

[nvenior lbertEHl/znta;

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. tiome Patented Mar. 28, 1944 HAIR NET Albert Edward Hunter, Wollaton,Nottingham,

England, assignor Company Limited, Nottingham,

April zo, 194s, serial No. 483,777

Britain November 19, 1942 Application In Great Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in hair nets and has for itsobject to produce on a machine a hair net which simulates the hand madehair nets of human hair previously imported from China and one thatavoids the necessity of using elastic. Due to the present state ofemergency the importation of hair nets from China is practicallyimpossible and the use of elastic as an edge thread for keeping the netin position is now prohibited.

According to this invention a hair net is made on a machine (preferablya twist lace machine) in the form of a tube closed at each end and isprovided with a slit or an opening intermediate each end which openinglies in the direction of the length of the tube. By the expressiondirection of the length of the tube is to be understood the direction inwhich the work moves up the facing bar of the machine. The tube iscomposed of two rectangular pieces of net joined at each side and ateach end. of the rectangle preferably lies in the direction in which thework moves up the facing bar in which case the opening is preferably ofless length than the distance between the end closures and is midwaytherebetween. The mesh of the net is uniform throughout with theexception of the net at or near the ends of the opening where the sizeof the mesh is appreciably reduced to assist in imparting a bag likeshape to the hair net.

The opening is reinforced with a thicker thread than the threads ofwhich the net is composed. This thicker thread is preferably extensibleand to this end may comprise a knitted chain. Such chain may be of thesame. type of yarn as that used in the manufacture of the hair net ormay bediflerent but is necessarily'thicker; it may be a composite threadcomposed of `a plurality of thin yarns. The chain is preferably composedof crochet loops and may conveniently be knitted on two or more lmittingneedles on a warp-type knitting machine by the'employment of two or moreyarns.

If the nets are made on a twist lace machine a plurality of lengths arepreferably made simultaneously across the breadth of the machine; theymaye be joined by draw threads or otherwise as desired. Preferably eachlength comprises a tube joined transversely by' pillaring or clothing atintervals; after removal from the machine each length is severed across,each pillaring or clothing `and each severed portion constitutes a hairnet of open-mouthed bag shape as previously described. 'I'he thickthreads are independe 'I'he longer side to Byard Manufacturing Englandent threads (that is they are drawn off a beam) and are under no tensionor very light tension. They are tied in the pillaring and are tied inthe net from the end of each pillaring to the the opening and are tiedin by the bobbin threads along each edge of the opening (there being onethick thread along each edge). If the thick threads are knitted chainsas described they are extensible and functionsimilarly to elasticthreads ;A they strengthen the edge of the net and help to keep the netin position on the head of the wearer. 1

In order that the invention may be better understood reference will nowbe made to the accompanying drawings, in which: 1

Figure 1 showsan individual breadth of fab-- ric as produced'on themachine according to one embodiment of the invention. f

Figures 2a, 2b, 2c show the parts in Figure 1 after severance.

Figure 3 shows a. modified Vtype of individual breadth as-produced 'onthe machine.

Figures 4a, 4b, 4c show the parts of Figure 3 after severance.

Figure 5 is a rear view of Figures 2b and 4b.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of a hair net cut from a breadthaccording to Figure 3.

Figure '1 is a detail view.

Referring now to Figures 1 and 2 the hair nets are made in the form of atube l closed at intervals by pillaring or clothing 2. They are pref-`erably produced .on a twist lace machine and the manufacture of tubes onsuch machines is well known in the art. 'Ihe fabric is of net formation;numerous different types of nets can be produced on twist lace machinesin well known manner.- In the length of each tube an opening- 3 .isformed. This opening is formed in one face only, eitherthe front face orthe back 40 face and is of less length than the distance between the twoends 2 and is preferably disposed midway therebetween. It may be formedin the middle, that is midway between the edges of one face, by soactuating the warp threads that for a predetermined number of motionsadjacent warps of that face do not tie with the same bobbin.`Alternatively the opening may be disposed I along one of the edges andin this case is formed by typing the edge warp of each face for apredetermined number of motions only withthe bobbins of its own face. Tounite the fabric along the edges and thus make a tube the edge warpsofeach :face are of course tied together. After eeen length of tubularnel: has been removed 5t from the machine the tube is severed acrosseach end of length of the pillaring 2 valong the lines 5 so that aplurality of independent hair nets is produced as shown in Figure 2.The4 fact that the opening 3 is of less length than the distance betweeneach end of necessity ensures that a bag like shape is imparted to eachhair net but to assist further in imparting such shape the size of thenet on the face in which the opening 3 is formed is reduced at or neareach end. In one construction the net of each face is a 20 motions netbut on the face in which theopening is formed the one or two rows nextadjacent to the pillaring comprise a 12 motion net, these are indicatedat 6. Next adjacent to the 12 motion net are three or four rows of 16motion net, these .are indicated at 1; the remainder is a 20 motion ablea special thread is used composed of textile material and having adegree of stretchability. To this end the thick thread is produced bywarp knitting. A preferred thick spread is composed of two yarns 9 andIII knitted about three needles II, I2 and I3 in a row. The sequence ofknitting is shown in Figure 5. Yarn 9 laps needle II passes to the rearlof needles I2 and I3, laps needle I3, passesgto the rear of needles I2and Il to complete its cycle of movements. Yarn com-A mencing at thesame phase laps needle I3 passes to the rear of needles I2 and Il, lapslneedle II and then passes to the rear of needle I3 to come plete itscycle of movement. v'I'he two yarns 9 and I may be similar to. oneanother but preferably one yarn is of artificial silk and the other isof hard twisted cotton. The composite thread thus produced has asufficient degree of extensibility to enable the open mouth of the hairnet. lto bel stretched by the wearer when putting it on and. taking itolf. 'I'he thick thread is tied in by the bobbin threads along each edgeof the opening 3 and between the ends of adjacent openings is tied in tothe one face of the fabric by the bobbin ence to Figures 1 and 2excepting that the thick threads extend as loose threads between theends of adjacent openings and after the tubes have been severed asdescribed the loose ends of thick thread are clipped as near as possibleto the endv of each opening; this is clearly shown in Figure 4.

In manufacture a plurality of tubes as shown in either Figures 1 or 3 ispreferably produced simultaneously across the breadth ofa twist lacemachine of the levers or go-through type and may be joined by drawthreads or otherwise as desired. The warp threads are drawn from a warpand the thick threads which are under no tension or very light tensionare drawn from a beam.

The expression hair net used herein means and includes slumber nets, andsimilar articles of feminine attire.

I claim:

1. In a machine-mage hair net, comprising a length of tubular twist-lacefabric, the ends of complemental strands of the fabric being joined toclose each end of the tube, and the side of the tube' being providedwith an elongated opening intermediate said ends; a stretchable threadof textile material. heavier than that composing the fabric,incorporated into the fabric along the edge of said opening.

2. A hair net according to claim 1, wherein said heavier textile threadcomprises a knitted chain of fibrous material.

3. A hair net according to claim 1, wherein said heavy textile threadcomprises knitted yarns of artificial'silk and hard-twisted cotton.

threadsand is also tied in the pillaring. 'I'hus when the tube issevered as described the thick threads of each hair net extend from theend of each opening 3 to the severed pillaring.

In an alternative method of carrying the invention into eifect shown inFigures 3 and 4 the hair nets are produced exactly as described withrefermaterial incorporated into edges of said opening and terminatingshort of v 4. In a machine-made hair net, comprising a length of tubulartwist-lace fabric, the ends of fibrous textile material, heavier thanthat composing the fabric, incorporated into 4the fabric fromend to endof the tube and extending along the edges of said opening.

5. A machine-made hair net, comprising a length of tubular twist-lacefabric, the ends of complemental strands in opposed faces of the tubebeing joined to close each end of the tube, one of said faces beingprovided with an elongated opening intermediate said ends and the sizeof the fabric mesh in such faceonly being reduced adjacent said ends;and stretchable threads of fibrous the fabric along'the the tube ends.

' ALBERT EDWARD HUNTER.

